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This data is from the European Hydrogen Incidents and Accidents database HIAD 2.1, European Commission, Joint Research Centre.

Pressure Vessel Failure in a Chemicals Plant
The vessel affected by the incident was a gas storage used for the desulfurisation process. The desulfurization gas had high hydrogen content. The vessels had cracks in the upper transverse fillet welds at the gas inlet which caused low stress brittle fractures. The cracks had been found during the maintenance, but not fixed. This eventually caused a gas release. Approximately 2.5 hours after that a leak was detected and reported, a first explosion occurred. As the heat exchanger explosion was facing the desulfurisation pump room, the leaking desulfurisation gas gathered in the pump room, under the effect of the first explosion flame. 7 seconds later, a secondary explosion occurred in the desulfurisation pump room, resulting in 3 deaths. Due to the impact of debris from the first explosion and the high temperature of the open flame, a third explosion occurred in another cracked pressure pipe.
Event Date
June 28, 2015
Record Quality Indicator
Event Initiating System
Classification of the Physical Effects
Nature of the Consequences
Cause Comments
the immediate cause was corrosion of a welded joint, with a low brittle fracture resistance. One of the root causes is lack of maintenance and repair.
Facility Information
Application Type
Specific Application Supply Chain Stage
Components Involved
hydrogen tank, pump building
Storage/Process Medium
Location Type
Location description
Industrial Area
Operational Condition
Currency
Lessons Learned
Lessons Learned
The cracks had been found during the maintenance, but not fixed. The company shall review inspection/maintenance/repair procedures including assessment of risks from damage and ageing effects, to avoid that a near miss evolve in an incident.
Event Nature
Emergency Action
unknown
Detonation
No
Deflagration
No
High Pressure Explosion
No
High Voltage Explosion
No
Source Category
References
References

Investigation report available at safehoo
http://www.safehoo.com/Case/Case/Container/202104/5636635.shtml
(accessed May 2023)

B.Wang et al., Hydrogen related accidents and lesson learned, submitted to ICHS-2023

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