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This data is from the European Hydrogen Incidents and Accidents database HIAD 2.1, European Commission, Joint Research Centre.

Explosion Caused by Unintended Hydrogen Production at a Metallurgy Plan
At a soaking facility of an industrial plant in the metallurgy sector, the pipeline between a supply tank and a feed pump became clogged and the autoclave only received sporadic feed. Problems had been experienced with the feed over several days. The pipeline was flushed with water to little avail. Because no feed was received in the autoclave, no oxygen could enter to maintain the pressure of the autoclave normally. The blockage was quickly cleared, as a result of which a large quantity of feed, and with it solids that were contained in the blockage, entered the autoclave. The autoclave had been fed with anolyte and sulfuric acid during the entire duration of the blockage. Additionally, the water used for flushing also entered into the autoclave.A powerful explosion occurred in an autoclave. The autoclave internals and five of a total of seven mixers sustained severe damage. The internals showed signs of warping, suggesting a sudden pressure increase inside the autoclave. Similarly, the damage to and dislocation of the entire section 1 cover, gear system and motor suggest that major forces have been involved. The explosion did not damage the externals of the pressure equipment.
Event Date
September 13, 2001
Record Quality Indicator
Region / Country
Event Initiating System
Classification of the Physical Effects
Nature of the Consequences
Cause Comments
Shortcomings in planning of equipmentShortcomings in starting-level risk evaluation Hydrogen generation and the resulting explosion were due to the entry of a metal-containing feed into the autoclave. The feed with higher-than-normal metal content was due to several disrupting factors.
Facility Information
Application Type
Application
Specific Application Supply Chain Stage
Components Involved
Autoclave, metals treatment
Storage/Process Medium
Location Type
Location description
Industrial Area
Operational Condition
Pre-event Summary
At a soaking facility of an industrial plant in the metallurgy sector, the pipeline between a supply tank and a feed pump became clogged and the autoclave only received sporadic feed. Problems had been experienced with the feed over several days. The pipeline was flushed with water to little avail. Because no feed was received in the autoclave, no oxygen could enter to maintain the pressure of the autoclave normally.
Consequences
Number of Injured Persons
1
Currency
Lessons Learned
Lessons Learned
No direct lesson learned from this event. Nevertheless, this page report general lessons learned and the improvement measures adopted for this type of hazard along the years: http://www.sulfuric-acid.com/sulfuric-acid-on-the-web/Hydrogen-Safety.htm. Moreover, this report provides details of single cases (Friedman in sulfur 2015, 31st Conference): http://www.sulfuric-acid.com/sulfuric-acid-on-the-web/Acid%20Engineering%20&%20Consulting%20Inc.%20-%20Leonard%20J.%20Friedman.pdf
Event Nature
Emergency Action
Unknown
Release Type
Detonation
No
Deflagration
No
High Pressure Explosion
No
High Voltage Explosion
No
Source Category
References
References

Source lost

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