The purpose of this SOP is provide a protocol for “On-Sun Photoelectrochemical (PEC) Device Testing”, i.e. outdoor environmental, testing of photoelectrochemical devices and cells. There are two different protocols: 1) benchmarking On-Sun performance at AM1.5G (or D) equivalent spectrum; 2) Testing On-Sun performance under real world conditions.

This SOP details procedures for performing conductivity measurements on cation exchange membranes (CEMs) in electrolytes.

This SOP details procedures for measuring band energetics of semiconductors using XPS measurements.

This SOP details procedures for performing Faradaic efficiency measurements on photoelectrochemical devices. This SOP is intended for use to measure these quantities for direct solar water splitting devices, but the general principles may be adapted for other systems.

This SOP details procedures for performing IPCE measurements on single- and multi- junction photoelectrochemical devices. This SOP does not cover advanced absorber concepts, molecular materials, or devices with specialized light management. This document does not address the measurement corrections needed if luminescent coupling is present in multijunction PEC devices.

This SOP details procedures for calibrating light sources for solar equivalent (AM 1.5G or AM 1.5D) performance testing of single- and multi- junction photoelectrochemical devices. This SOP is designed for devices with optically thick semiconductor light absorber layers that conform to the idealized absorbed condition and does not cover advanced absorber concepts, molecular materials, or light management.

This SOP details procedures for fabricating photoelectrodes and measuring their photoactive areas.

This SOP describes experimental methods for characterizing the chemical and mechanical stability of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) exposed to oxygen saturated concentrated alkaline aqueous solutions. This SOP was prepared by Chris Arges.

A procedure for ex-situ evaluation of chemical (alkaline) stability of anion exchange membranes (AEM). The IEC and ionic conductivity of an AEM is measured before and after being heated (typically at 80C in 1 M KOH) for ~1000 hours. The SOP was prepared by Vijay Ramani and Kelly M. Meek.

This procedure is intended to provide guidance and best practices for diagnosing component failure in an operated electrolyzer cell for both PEM and AEM systems. Instructions for disassembling cell hardware, labeling and preserving cell components and diagnostic test methods for these components are discussed. This procedure assumes a 1-cell Fraunhofer electrolyzer test cell, but it is possible to adapt this for other cell hardware and multi-cell stacks. The SOP was developed by Jennifer Glenn.