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Disclaimer: The Lessons Learned Database includes the incidents that were voluntarily submitted. The database is not a comprehensive source for all incidents that have occurred.

Contributing Factors

Damage and Injuries

Equipment

Probable Cause

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Disclaimer: The Lessons Learned Database includes the incidents that were voluntarily submitted. The database is not a comprehensive source for all incidents that have occurred.

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Lessons Learned Corner

Liquid Hydrogen Tank Incident Leads to Second Incident

The use of inerting gas or other means of separation should be employed when conducting mechanical work where hydrogen gas could be present. More importantly, per CGA S1.3, the vessel should be equipped with a dual relief system that can isolate…

Liquid Hydrogen Tank Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) due to Water-Plugged Vent Stack
  1. Place signs on all liquid hydrogen tanks indicating that no water is to be put on the vent stack.
  2. An additional secondary backup vent stack was added to liquid hydrogen tanks. This secondary stack is designed to be used only if…

Key:

  • = No Ignition
  • = Explosion
  • = Fire
Hydrogen Incident Summaries by Equipment and Primary Cause/Issue
Equipment / CauseEquipment Design or SelectionComponent FailureOperational ErrorInstallation or MaintenanceInadequate Gas or Flame DetectionEmergency Shutdown ResponseOther or Unknown
Hydrogen Gas Metal Cylinder or Regulator 3/31/2012
4/30/1995
2/6/2013		4/26/201012/31/1969  3/17/1999
11/1/2001
12/23/2003
Piping/Valves4/4/2002
2/2/2008
5/11/1999		4/20/1987
11/4/1997
12/31/1969
8/19/1986
7/27/1991
12/19/2004
2/6/2008
10/3/2008
4/5/2006
5/1/2007
9/19/2007
10/31/1980		2/7/20091/24/1999
2/24/2006
6/8/1998
12/31/1969
2/7/2009		9/1/1992
10/31/1980		10/3/2008 
Tubing/Fittings/Hose 9/23/1999
8/2/2004
8/6/2008
9/19/2007		1/1/19829/30/2004
10/7/2005		 10/7/2005 
Compressor 10/5/2009
6/10/2007
8/21/2008
1/15/2019		  10/5/20098/21/2008 
Liquid Hydrogen Tank or Delivery Truck4/27/198912/19/2004
1/19/2009		8/6/200412/31/1969 1/1/197412/17/2004
Pressure Relief Device7/25/2013
5/4/2012		1/15/2002
1/08/2007		12/31/1969    
Instrument1/15/20193/17/1999
12/31/1969
2/6/2013		  11/13/73  
Hydrogen Generation Equipment7/27/1999  10/23/2001   
Vehicle or Lift Truck 7/21/2011    2/8/2011
12/9/2010
Fuel Dispenser 8/2/2004
5/1/2007
6/11/2007
9/19/2007		 2/24/2006
1/22/2009		   
Fuel Cell Stack      5/3/2004
12/9/2010
2/8/2011
Hydrogen Cooled Generator   12/31/1969
2/7/2009		   
Other (floor drain, lab
anaerobic chamber,
heated glassware,
test chamber,
gaseous hydrogen
composite cylinder,
delivery truck)		 11/14/1994
7/21/2011		7/27/1999
6/28/2010
8/21/2008		12/31/1969
3/22/2018		  6/10/2019
  • = No Ignition
  • = Explosion
  • = Fire

This material was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government.
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