Safety aspects of the combined HTTR/steam reforming complex for nuclear hyrogen production

The High-Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) in Oarai, Japan, has the potential to demonstrate the production of hydrogen by steam reforming and using nuclear process heat as primary energy input. Particular safety aspects for such a combined nuclear/chemical complex have been investigated such as fire and explosion hazard at presence of flammable gases (LNG, H(2), CO) near the reactor building. A methane vapor cloud in the open atmosphere or partially obstructed areas is highly unlikely to detonate and damage the reactor building. Theoretical assessments and experimental studies significant to the HTTR-steam reforming system, include the spreading and combustion behavior of cryogens and flammable gases providing the basis for a comprehensive safety analysis of the nuclear/chemical facility. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.