The incident occurred in a catalytic reforming unit. At 13:41, a leak occurred at the 90 elbow of a pressure pipe containing a mixture of hydrogen and naphtha. This pipe was located between the pre-hydrogenation heat exchanger and the pre-hydrogenation product tower heat exchanger. The flammable material leaking from the pipe burst into flames, and at 13:51 and 14:21 there were two more explosive combustions.

In a residual-oil hydrotreatment unit (also called residual oil hydrogenation) plant, a hydrogenation unit caught fire with a huge bang, followed by a fireball in the form of a mushroom cloud. Black smoke began to billow up in the sky and was clearly visible from several kilometres away

A researcher was conducting an experiment that involved sawdust being heated at pressure using hydrogen gas in an laboratory-scale autoclave.The gas leaked from the autoclave during the experiment and ignited, causing injuries to the scientist (cuts, bruises and facial burns).The explosion caused extensive damage to the building, propelling debris more than 20 metres into a garden area.

An explosion followed by a fire occurred at a tar precipitator of gas treatment of a coke oven. The extractors were manually activated. Ten minutes later, the operator activates the internal emergency plan. The fuel supply to the installation was interrupted. Approximately two hours later the fire was extinguished by nitrogen inerting. The operator estimated the maximum amount of material that reacted in the explosion of the tar precipitator at 170 kg in TNT equivalent.

During agricultural drainage work carried out by a farmer, an explosion occurred on a hydrogen pipeline located in a field. Flames several meters high were visible and two houses were evacuated. A safety perimeter was set up. The pipeline operator applied procedures to ensure the safety of the local residents and the pipeline.The damaged pipe was listed by the operator. The farmer did not declare the work site and no verification was done before starting the work.[ARIA event 57406]

An implosion/explosion occurred on a furnace in a company of copper metallurgy. The incident occurred at the end of the production cycle, when the furnace bell is lifted at the end of the cooling process. The operator in charge of the lifting was thrown away and slightly burned in the face. The victim was evacuated and the emergency services were alerted. The building structures (windows, doors, roof) experienced serious damage. The power supply was switched off.

Hydrogen gas cylinders exploded at the same time in three industrial locations, when the opening valve was opened. The overpressure generated by the explosion caused the walls of the hydrogen cylinder storage room to collapse, six workers were killed. The hydrogen cylinders used by the three companies were filled by the same company.The investigation found that a large amount of air was mixed with hydrogen in many of the delivered cylinders, the air accounting for 50% of the total volume.

[NOTE: the attribution to hydrogen formation as cause of the explosion is 'probable 'but not fully demonstrated].Two explosions in two different sprinkler systems occurred, wit the same assumed cause.The first occurred at the premises of a company, where a service engineer was injured, even though the explosion actually moved out into the open air. The second occurred in the department store, where an installation contractor was burned because an explosion occurred in a large pressure storage tank in a small room with the result that the explosion was particularly powerful.

There was a massive explosion at one of the generator-turbine units of a coal-based power station. Undetected hydrogen leak from the generator was identified as a major trigger.According to the news, some workers, unaware of the leak, were trying to fix some dirt blocks and loose nuts and bearings in the generator. Just below was an oil tank. Fire sparked spread in minutes up to 16 metres, setting off the blast with a heavy noise.It took hours to control the fire. Four persons were injured.

An explosion occurred while inflating a balloon with hydrogen gas. The News reported the involvement of the hydrogen bottle.