Capability of passive recombiners to control hydrogen concentration in the containment of an advanced PWR

The Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Constructions of the University of Pisa has developed a computer code, HOCRA, which is able to make an initial evaluation of the capability of catalytic recombiners to remove hydrogen from the atmosphere of the safety containments of nuclear reactors in accident conditions. The code allows the analysis of the average concentration transient of hydrogen in a generic compartment of a safety containment in a nuclear reactor. The software is structured into two groups.

Amplification of the maximum overpressure of hydrogen deflagration in multi-compartment containments

In severe accidents, hydrogen may be generated in a nuclear power reactor and may explode damaging safety and containment systems. In a multi-compartment safety containment, phenomena due to partition walls and vents between compartments may cause a sort of 'amplification' of the maximum deflagration overpressure in single compartments; then greater pressure differences may destroy internal structures with equipment supported.

Safety Related Physical Phenomena for Coupled High-Temperature Reactors and Hydrogen Production Facilities

High-temperature reactors are a potential low-carbon source of high-temperature heat for chemical plants-including hydrogen production plants and refineries. Unlike electricity, high temperature heat can only be transported limited distances; thus, the reactor and chemical plants will be close to each other. A critical issue is to understand potential safety challenges to the reactor from the associated chemical plant events to assure nuclear plant safety. The U.S.

Reliability and safety of autonomous electric energy supply systems

Autonomous energy supply systems provide the possibility of producing electricity without the connection to an interconnected power grid. While modem computer programs are able to simulate such systems in detail, they usually do not take into account the time varying availability of renewable energy sources, component life and repair times. In addition, safety aspects which are important if e.g. hydrogen is involved in the system are normally not addressed. This is done in the present paper.

Research on Safety Precautions while Testing Offshore Sour Gas Wells

Testing sour gas wells safely is still a difficult problem in the world, and testing offshore gas wells with sulfureted hydrogen (H(2)S) presence requires an even higher safety level. But offshore researches published are limited, and standards, principles, regulations and manuals are scattered. Distinctive structures of well bore, well head and surface, and peculiar emergency response plan, are all need deep research.

The role and importance of hydrogen materials science and hydrogen treatment of materials for successful development of hydrogen economy in the 21st century

The aim of this review is to attract hydrogen community care to the hydrogen-materials problem, that may slow down hydrogen economy entering into the mankind life. Two contrary aspects of the problem are discussed. The first is hydrogen degradation of materials, hydrogen energy equipment deteriorating, its time-life and safety. The second is hydrogen treatment of materials (HIM) permitting to create novel hydrogen technologies and advanced materials. A special attention is paid to HTM as a new, not very wide known field of Materials Science and Engineering.

Design safety features of the BNL high-temperature combustion facility

The Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) High-Temperature Combustion Facility (HTCF) was used to perform hydrogen deflagration and detonation experiments at temperatures to 650K, Safety features that were designed to ensure safe and reliable operation of the experimental program are described. Deflagration and detonation experiments have been conducted using mixtures of hydrogen, air and steam. Detonation cell size measurements were made as a function of mixture composition and thermodynamic gas conditions. Deflagration-to-detonation transition experiments were also conducted.

Progress on the mice liquid absorber cooling and cryogenic distribution system

This report describes the progress made on the design of the cryogenic cooling system for the liquid absorber for the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). The absorber consists of a 20.7-liter vessel that contains liquid hydrogen (1.48 kg at 20.3 K) or liquid helium (2.59 kg at 4.2 K). The liquid cryogen vessel is located within the warm bore of the focusing magnet for the MICE. The purpose of the magnet is to provide a low beam beta region within the absorber.

Hydrogen community progress in comprehending the great importance of hydrogen-materials interaction for hydrogen energy future: History and up-to-date web status

There are analized the history and up-to-date status of cooperation in hydrogen energy community and hydrogen-materials one. The noticeable progress here is attained during the last two decades. The conclusion is made that promoting this cooperation will be a responsible task of hydrogen movement in the 21st century.

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