The incident occurred in a catalytic reforming unit. At 13:41, a leak occurred at the 90 elbow of a pressure pipe containing a mixture of hydrogen and naphtha. This pipe was located between the pre-hydrogenation heat exchanger and the pre-hydrogenation product tower heat exchanger. The flammable material leaking from the pipe burst into flames, and at 13:51 and 14:21 there were two more explosive combustions.

An explosion followed by a fire occurred at a tar precipitator of gas treatment of a coke oven. The extractors were manually activated. Ten minutes later, the operator activates the internal emergency plan. The fuel supply to the installation was interrupted. Approximately two hours later the fire was extinguished by nitrogen inerting. The operator estimated the maximum amount of material that reacted in the explosion of the tar precipitator at 170 kg in TNT equivalent.

Hydrogen gas cylinders exploded at the same time in three industrial locations, when the opening valve was opened. The overpressure generated by the explosion caused the walls of the hydrogen cylinder storage room to collapse, six workers were killed. The hydrogen cylinders used by the three companies were filled by the same company.The investigation found that a large amount of air was mixed with hydrogen in many of the delivered cylinders, the air accounting for 50% of the total volume.

A hydrogen car caught fire at a hydrogen fuelling station. During refuelling of a H2-fueled car the owner heard an abnormal noise and opened the fuel filler door to investigate. A small fire then occurred after the owner discharged static electricity when making contact with the fuelling cap. Fortunately, the fire suppression system of the refuelling station quickly extinguished the blaze.An analysis of this incident revealed that material from the fuel inlet receptacle filter detached shortly after fuelling was completed.

The event occurred at one of the unit producing iron powder, consisting of a furnace with a running belt for the powder, kept under hydrogen atmosphere to reduce and purify the metal. The hydrogen was supplied to the furnace through a pipeline running in a trench below the furnace. A corroded section of this pipeline released hydrogen which could cumulated in the covered trench for at least 30 before igniting. The following hydrogen explosion projected into the atmosphere a large quantity of iron dust, which also ignited.

In a chemical plant (SEVESO), corrosion on the water side of a cooling exchanger caused water to enter the sulfuric acid and attack the steel in the tank. This reaction produced hydrogen that accumulated in the dome of the tank and caused the explosion.The explosion causes the cover of a 99.2% sulfuric acid tank to open partially. The tank was filled to 300 t of its total 1500 t capacity. The cover opened along the circumference of the tank at the dome / shell fitting. The POI (internal emergency plan) was started.

In a laboratory, tests with hydrogen as aerospace rocket propellants were carried out. One of the experiments consisted in the generation of a vertical jet (turbulent regime) to determine the sound levels emitted by jets of H2 gas. The flow was increased up to 55 kg / s. After 23 s, while decreasing the flow, the hydrogen ignited. A fireball was formed followed immediately by an explosion. The Vapour Cloud explosion VCE (mainly negative overpressure) caused damage to structures of the surrounding buildings (walls, doors, roofs).

The loss of control of a reaction caused a fire in a pharmaceutical plant caused a reaction runaway and the rupture of a 6 m reactor. A cloud containing sodium borohydride and hydrogen was emitted. The production manager evacuated the installation. When the cloud reached electrical equipment, an explosion occurred. The cooling circuit was damaged. The thermal oil leaked and ignited. The fire spread to a large part of the plant. Firefighters intervened. The water of extinction was confined in basins. Storage tanks that were not affected by the fire were emptied.

This incident occurred at a linear alkylbenzene manufacturing plant. It affected dehydrogenation reactor of normal paraffin, during the operation of catalyst exchange in the reactor. This is usually happening by isolating the reactor and its peripheral part from the slightly pressurised section by closing a 20-inch remotely controlled valve. The hydrogen pressure of the peripheral part was set at 20 KPa, and the reactor was opened to the atmosphere. Assuming the possibility of small hydrogen leakage, a vacuum device was used to evacuate the piping and a nitrogen purging was performed.

An accident occurred prior to the performance of a hydrogen-oxygen balloon demonstration, seriously injuring the demonstrator, who suffered painful second-degree burns to his right forearm and had to be taken to the hospital. The paramedics feared that grave respiratory damage (due to flame inhalation) might have occurred.To prepare for the demonstration, the demonstrator had transported 15 balloons (pre-filled with a hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture) in a large, black polyethylene garbage bag. During the demonstration set-up he opened the bag to remove a single balloon for stringing and floating.