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Explosion in Waste Unit of a Chemical Plant (928)

The event occurred in an atmospheric pressure tank storing effluents. The plant was in the production phase. The head of the overfill prevention valve located at the top of the tank was thrown a distance of 77 m. The tanks shell was deformed (curved downward) but not leaking. Employees noted a noise similar to the opening of a valve, and a low-pressure alarm in the tank appeared in the control room, despite the fact that the level and temperature were normal.

Release Without Ignition from a Refinery Pipeline (893)

During a patrol, an operator detects a hydrogen leak in a refinery on a footbridge 30 meters high. The origin of the leak is identified 4 days later on a pipe under insulation. The operator proceeds to remove the insulation (under SCBA). The leak is located at the level of a reinforcing saddle. The installation is shut down and put under nitrogen. Thickness measurements and radiographic checks are used to characterise the nature of the crack defect. A leak sealing system (SOFM) is put in place while awaiting the removal of the pipework for assessment during the next shutdown.

Rupture of a Heat Exchanger in a Refinery, Due to Hydrogen Attack (883)

A petroleum refinery experienced a catastrophic rupture of a heat exchanger in the catalytic reformer / naphtha hydrotreater unit (the NHT unit). The heat exchanger, catastrophically ruptured because of High Temperature Hydrogen Attack.Highly flammable hydrogen and naphtha at more than 500 degrees Fahrenheit (260C) were released from the ruptured heat exchanger and ignited, causing an explosion and an intense fire that burned for more than three hours.
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