In relation to the grave consequences arising after accidents at nuclear power plants (NPPs) caused or accompanied by explosions and ignition of hydrogen-air mixtures, the need for a more thorough approach to study the accompanying physicochemical processes has emerged. This paper presents a brief analysis of these situations in the light of prevention of hydrogen explosions at NPPs and the use of catalysts based on platinum and palladium for the utilization of hydrogen. The interaction of a hydrogen-air flame with the surface of a bulk catalyst is experimentally investigated, and the efficiencies of the selected catalysts are compared with respect to the heterogeneous reaction of hydrogen oxidation. The dependence of the experimental results on the design and location of the functional zones of the reactor is analyzed.