The aim of this review is to attract hydrogen community care to the hydrogen-materials problem, that may slow down hydrogen economy entering into the mankind life. Two contrary aspects of the problem are discussed. The first is hydrogen degradation of materials, hydrogen energy equipment deteriorating, its time-life and safety. The second is hydrogen treatment of materials (HIM) permitting to create novel hydrogen technologies and advanced materials. A special attention is paid to HTM as a new, not very wide known field of Materials Science and Engineering.