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Piping, Storage

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Piping, Storage

The HSP recommends against the use of glycols for pressure tests due to the difficulty of adequately removing all glycol that might be left in a system after a hydrotest. The HSP recommends a pneumatic test at 110% of the system maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP), which is acceptable by code. Due to an increased danger with pneumatics vs hydrotesting, establish a pressure test zone for…

Category: Piping
Keywords: Piping, Leak, Testing, Glycol, Freezing, Pressure

The Panel recommends performing a pressure test at 110% of design pressure. This requirement should be applied to all systems regardless of construction type since the intent is to ensure pressure integrity and proper installation. All fitting types have modes of failure during installation. For example, there are numerous examples where compression fittings have had ferrules installed…

Category: Piping
Keywords: Piping, Leak, Testing, Pneumatic

The code used for repair and alterations of an existing system depends on the code used for construction as well as on the requirements imposed by the jurisdiction. Note that getting a permit from the jurisdiction may be necessary for an extensive alteration.

Code of ConstructionGenerally Accepted Code for Repair and Alterations…
Category: Piping
Keywords: Piping, Codes

The requirements of the code used for the original construction apply. The piping may meet the requirements of more than one code. In which case, the code used for changing the rating may be different than the original code of construction. In any case, the re-rated system should meet all of the requirements of the selected code. Note that if the original proof test of the system was…

Category: Piping
Keywords: Codes, Piping, Requirements

At least three of the ASME B31 piping codes are logical choices:

  • ASME B31.1, Power Piping
  • ASME B31.3, Process Piping
  • ASME B31.12 Hydrogen Piping and Pipelines

Considerations for code selection include:

  • Requirements imposed by the authority having jurisdiction, whether by direct reference or…
Category: Piping
Keywords: Piping, Codes, Requirements

Store flammable gas cylinders such as hydrogen, separated from oxidizing (e.g. oxygen), toxic, pyrophoric, corrosive, and reactive Class 2, 3, or 4 gases. Non-reactive gases, such as helium, may be co-located. See codes and standards such as NFPA 2 [7.2.1.1 Incompatible Materials] for further guidance.

Category: Storage
Keywords: Storage, Cylinder, Codes, NFPA 2, Guidelines

Hydrogen affects the mechanical properties of most materials. For example, hydrogen reduces the
fracture toughness and increases the fatigue crack growth rate in steels. There is a significant amount of
research, analytical work, and codes and standards development being undertaken to improve our
understanding of how these materials can be utilized in pipelines. The results of the…

Category: Piping
Keywords: Pipeline, Material Compatibility, ASME Standards, Pipeline Safety

Because cast irons are relatively brittle materials, they should generally be avoided in industrial and
transmission pipeline applications. In low pressure applications like residential distribution piping
systems, the use of cast irons is probably acceptable.

Category: Piping
Keywords: Cast Iron, Pipeline, Low-pressure systems, ASME Standards

Acceptability of materials is highly dependent on the specific application. Applied stress levels, exposure to contaminants, the operating temperature, the partial pressure, and number and magnitude of material stress cycles are some of the factors that affect material selection. Guidance is provided within documents such as ISO 11114, Gas cylinders - Compatibility of cylinder and valve…

Category: Piping
Keywords: Material Compatibility, Piping, Austenitic Stainless Steel, ASME Standards

Leakage/loss depends on the vessel design. Metallic or metallic lined vessels have extremely low permeability and losses through the vessel walls are typically imperceptible. Conversely, Type IV composite vessels which have non-metallic liners are subject to permeation. They are required to meet maximum permeation rates as part of their certification. Fugitive emissions from piping systems can…

Category: Storage
Keywords: Leak, Vessel Design, Permeation, Emissions
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