Why Hydrogen?

1. Clean energy: achieving higher level of energy security and zero emission
2. Flexible energy carrier: made from various energy sources and used in every energy demand
3. Long experience in H2 development: Japan has more than 30 years experience in H2 R&D including commercial sale of FC system

3 steps to Hydrogen Economy:

1. Residential FC co-generation system (Ene-Farm)
2. Fuel Cell Vehicle + H2 supply infrastructure
3. Broader use of H2 in Energy system

What Similarities: Hydrogen - Fuel Cells and Batteries

Both are breaking ground:

1. Transition to a low carbon economy-renewable energy. New combination of themobility and storage concepts
2. Safety Regulations and Standards with practical aspects that both technologies need
3. Developments: Testing and Database
4. Public Acceptance - Media
5. International and Transatlantic Cooperation Research: Transport; Industrial policy; Clean energy; EU Strategy

Clear criticism on non-federally harmonized catalogue of requirementson examination during approval processes as well as on the bad state of pre-information of the authorities (more an administrative than a legal deficit)

• Recommendations especially for an efficient approval of HRS's in Germany have to be implemented without delay, in order to allow for an efficient and fast infrastructure implementation:
  • Federally harmonized catalogue of requirements for the examinations in the frame of approval processes
  • Securing a better level of advance information at authorities
  • Harmonization of requirements like intended by the ISO 20100 in preparation
  • Provision of templates as e.g. for explosion protection documents (2 such templates have been identified)

Putting the Science into Standards

Commission Communication and associated Regulation: A strategic vision for European standards:

1. "Standardisation processes should be accelerated, simplified and modernised. It is essential for the European economy that European standardisation further adapts to the fast changing global landscape and economic environment.*"
2. "Standards can help to bridge the gapbetween research and marketable products or services... Standards can play this key role only if they keep pace with the development of technologies and ever faster product development cycles.*"

Two Key Messages:

1. The European standardisation process needs to speed up
2. Standardisation can help research move towards marketable products and services

• Legislative acts
• Documents for built environment and safety enforced by local AHJ
• 'Component' standards and generic 'protocols' independent on local AHJs
• Component” is a cumulative generic term for individual components (like valves, hoses, etc.), more complex components (like a dispenser) and component systems (like an electrolyser, reformer, storage unit, PSA etc.) 'Protocol' is a cumulative generic term for protocols and procedures

Hydrogen: use and fire prevention in Italy From the beginning to nowadays:

• The industrial production of H2: potential risks
• Hydrogen and renewable energy sources
• Legislation and safety aspects

I. Context
II. Phenomenology
III. Available experiments
IV. General Trends
V. Analytical models
VI. CFD
VII. Conclusions and perspectives

Historical Perspectives for Hydrogen Safety, Regulations, Codes and Standards (California and U.S.A.)

Continue:

• Outreach and education
  • Emergency responders
  • Permitting officials
  • General public
• Assisting station developers
• Readying the market
• Readying communities
• Sharing experience
• Collaborating and harmonizing

Historical Perspectives for Hydrogen Safety, Regulations, Codes and Standards: A View from the EU

Why We Need Regulation Review:

• Regulation review is important part of FCV commercialization.
• If all necessary regulation reviews are processed and finished, HRS cost may be >200 mil yen (currently 550 mil yen).
• Top leader committed the review, and it is now included in national strategy.
• Now, work!